PDRN (Polydeoxyribonucleotide) is a DNA-derived substance with a length of 50-2000 base pairs (bp), a molecular weight range of 50–1500 kDa, and a peak molecular weight of 132 kDa. It exhibits a double-helix structure, with its monomer being deoxyribonucleotide, composed of three main components: phosphate, pentose, and pyrimidine or purine bases.
The nucleotides and nucleosides produced by PDRN can rapidly contribute to DNA synthesis, providing raw materials for tissue regeneration and injury repair.
As an agonist of the adenosine A2A receptor, PDRN participates in the activation or inhibition of multiple pathways, regulating downstream products to exert pharmacological effects such as anti-apoptosis, anti-ischemia, anti-inflammation, and antioxidation. PDRN has low immunogenicity and low toxicity, demonstrating significant efficacy in skin wound repair, corneal injury, gastrointestinal tract injury repair, and bone injury repair. It is commonly used in tissue regeneration and wound treatment. In the medical aesthetics industry, PDRN is applied via microneedle subcutaneous or intradermal injection, ultimately achieving anti-aging effects, wrinkle reduction, and improved skin quality.
PDRN can be prepared through various methods, including salmon sperm extraction, whole-genome amplification, and genetically engineered bacterial expression extraction.
Salmon Sperm Extraction Method:
Salmon sperm is used as the raw material, and PDRN is purified through the following process:
Raw material preparation → Enzymatic hydrolysis → Centrifugation for residue removal → Membrane filtration for lipid and residual debris removal, fractionation → Sterilization + quality control → Freeze-drying
The resulting product has high purity, with minimal impurities such as lipids, proteins, and peptides. The purity of PDRN can exceed 95%. High-temperature extraction and fine filtration purification reduce the risk of immune reactions, ensuring good safety and biocompatibility.
Whole-Genome Amplification Method:
Trace amounts of DNA fragments are enzymatically cleaved and amplified via PCR to obtain fragments <2 kb.
Genetically Engineered Bacterial Expression Extraction Method:
DNA macromolecules are enzymatically cleaved to obtain target genes, followed by recombinant plasmid construction, target gene amplification, cell lysis, enzymatic purification, or further PCR amplification.
Challenges in PDRN Purification Include:
Clarification and Permeation Issues: High-viscosity extracts make it difficult to filter out insoluble proteins, lipids, and large amounts of cellular debris.
Membrane Adsorption Issues: Adsorption of high-viscosity solutions on membranes.
Fractionation Filtration Issues: Separation and purification of high-molecular-weight fragments from low-molecular-weight fragments.
Concentration Issues: High-fold concentration of low-concentration nucleic acid fragments while ensuring product yield.
Shearing and Damage of Large-Molecular-Weight PDRN.
Removal of Small-Molecule Extraction Additives and Inorganic Salts.
Membrane filtration, as an efficient and environmentally friendly separation technology, offers significant advantages in PDRN purification. By optimizing membrane material, filtration precision, cross-flow filtration mode, pump selection, and filtration parameters—combined with experimental objectives—the following PDRN purification challenges can be resolved:
Continuous cross-flow filtration
Continuous clarification of PDRN extracts, with filtrate turbidity <1 NTU and yield >70%
Clarification filtration of lysed and enzymatically cleaved PDRN from genetically engineered bacteria
Filtration removal of protein complexes from PDRN
Fractionation filtration of low-molecular-weight PDRN
Membrane concentration of PDRN, increasing yield to >90% to meet freeze-drying requirements
Ultrafiltration desalination of PDRN, with yield >95% and final filtrate conductivity <20 μS/cm
For years, Wuhan Bona Technology has been committed to membrane separation technology application development, driven by customer needs. By integrating processes, membranes, and equipment, the company has accumulated extensive experience in product purification and industrial-scale amplification. This not only resolves manufacturing challenges but also enhances product quality, collaborating with customers to advance industry technology.
