Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide containing a γ-amino group and a thiol group, composed of glutamic acid, cysteine and glycine. 

Glutathione exists in two forms: the reduced form (G-SH) and the oxidized form (G-S-S-G). Under physiological conditions, the reduced form of glutathione predominates. 

Distribution and Content: 

Glutathione is widely present in animals and plants and plays an important role in living organisms. 

The content is very high in baker's yeast, wheat germ and animal liver, reaching 100 to 1000 mg per 100 grams. 

The content of glutathione in human blood is 26 - 34 mg per 100g, while in chicken blood it is 58 - 73 mg per 100g, and in pig blood it is 10 - 15 mg per 100g. 

It is also present in relatively high levels in fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes, pineapples and cucumbers (12 - 33 mg per 100g). 

Physiological functions and efficacy: 

Antioxidant effect: Glutathione can eliminate free radicals and is beneficial to human health. 

Detoxification effect: Combining with toxins or drugs to eliminate their toxic effects and protect liver function. 

Enhancing immunity: Glutathione can enhance the function of the human immune system and promote the activity of white blood cells. 

Anti-aging: Glutathione can promote cell renewal and slow down cell aging. 

Improving cardiovascular health: Reducing cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and enhancing cardiovascular health. 

Mechanism of action: 

Glutathione, as an important intracellular regulatory metabolite, participates in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and sugar metabolism within the body, activates various enzymes, and promotes the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. 

The sulfhydryl group of glutathione is its active group. It can protect the sulfhydryl groups of important enzyme proteins in the body from oxidation and inactivation, ensuring energy metabolism and cell utilization. 

Clinical application and usage: 

Glutathione can be used in medicine, such as as an antidote, an anti-allergic agent, a liver-protecting agent, etc. 

Glutathione can also be used as a base material for functional foods, and is widely applied in functional foods that aim to delay aging and enhance immunity. 

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